I. A Concise List of the Fundamental Rights Granted to the Armenian People by International Cooperation
| Date | Decision | Explanation | |
|
|
11 January 1918 | The decree “On Turkish Armenia” (About Western Armenia) was adopted, in which “Russia proclaims the autonomy of Armenia. The Council of People’s Commissars informs the Armenian people that the Russian worker-peasant government protects, on behalf of Russia, the right of the Armenians of occupied ‘Turkish Armenia’ to freely determine their own destiny, including their right to independence.” | Later, this provision was included in Article 6 of the 10 July 1918 Constitution of Russia. Article 6: The 3rd All-Russian Congress of Soviets welcomes the policy of the People’s Commissars, which proclaimed Finland’s full independence, began troop withdrawals from Persia, and declared Armenia’s right to free self-determination. |
| 2. | 19 January 1920 | During the Paris Peace Conference, the Supreme Council of the Allied Powers de facto recognized the independence of the Armenian state. Armenian Unified Delegation co-chairs Poghos Nubar and Avetis Aharonian were invited to the Paris Peace Conference and officially informed of the recognition of the Armenian state. | In response to the demands submitted by the Armenian Unified Delegation, the Supreme Council of the Allies decided: (a) the government of the Armenian state is recognized as a legitimate government; (b) this decision does not predetermine the issue of the Armenian state’s borders. |
| 3. | 11 May 1920 | During the Paris Peace Conference, the Supreme Council of the Allied Powers de jure recognized the independence of the Armenian state. | Prior to the signing of the Treaty of Sèvres, on 11 May 1920, the Turkish delegation was invited to the Paris Peace Conference, where the “Peace Terms” were presented. The Armenian state delegation was part of the Allied Powers. In the preamble of the “Peace Terms,” which later became the preamble of the Treaty of Sèvres, Armenia is listed among the Allied Powers. Thus, Armenia’s independence was recognized de jure. |
| 4. | 24 February 1920 | A special commission determining the borders of Armenia at the Paris Peace Conference presented the “Report and Recommendations of the Commission Determining Armenia’s Borders.” | This is essentially the only legal decision concerning border delimitation between Armenia and the Azerbaijan Republic. Article 92 of the Treaty of Sèvres relates to Armenia’s borders with neighbors: “Armenia’s borders with Azerbaijan and Georgia shall be determined by direct agreement of the concerned countries. If the concerned countries cannot agree by the date mentioned in Article 89, the border in question shall be determined by the Principal Allied Powers, who shall also implement the demarcation on the ground.” |
| 5. | 29 May – 1 June 1920 | The U.S. Senate discussed accepting the mandate over Armenia, which meant that the U.S. de facto recognized the title of the Armenian state over Armenian territories. | The legal-political significance of discussions regarding Armenia’s mandate should not be confused with the significance of an Arbitral Award. These are legally and politically distinct decisions. |
| 6. | 10 August 1920 | The Treaty of Sèvres was signed between the victorious states, including Armenia, and the defeated Ottoman Empire. | The Treaty of Sèvres was part of the Versailles–Washington system of treaties concluded between the victorious powers and Germany (Versailles, 1919), Austria (Saint-Germain, 1919), Bulgaria (Neuilly, 1919), Hungary (Trianon, 1920), and the Ottoman Empire (Sèvres, 1920). |
| 7. | 22 November 1920 | U.S. 28th President Woodrow Wilson issued the Arbitral Award, fully titled: “Decision of the President of the United States on the Boundary Between Turkey and Armenia, Armenia’s Access to the Sea, and Demilitarization of Turkish Territory Adjacent to the Armenian Border.” | The Arbitral Award is final, irrevocable, and binding for all parties, including Armenia, Turkey, and the United States. |
| 8. | 14 April 1919 | On 18 January 1919, the Paris Peace Conference began its work, including a Special Commission on Reparations. On 7 March 1919, this commission formed a separate body, the Special Subcommission, tasked with compiling material losses of unrepresented countries and peoples and formalizing compensation. The preliminary report, submitted on 14 April 1919, concluded that the total material losses of Armenians between 1914–1918 amounted to 19,130,982,000 gold francs (1919 prices). | Material compensation obligations were imposed on all defeated states—Germany, Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire. Germany fulfilled its obligations only in June 2010. The Republic of Turkey, successor to the Ottoman Empire, has to this day avoided fulfilling these obligations to Armenia. |
II. Decisions on the Rights of Armenians in Cilicia
| Date | Decision | Explanation |
| 4 August 1920 | Armenians of Cilicia adopted the “Declaration of Cilicia’s Independence.” | According to the UN Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples (adopted by the UN General Assembly on 14 December 1960), more than 60 countries achieved independence worldwide. |
III. Decisions on Recognition and Condemnation of the Armenian Genocide
| Date | Decision | Explanation |
| 24 May 1915 | Great Britain, France, and Russia issued a special statement condemning the massacres and genocide of Armenians by the Young Turk government, describing the April 1915 massacres as a new crime against humanity and civilization by Turkey. | Following this declaration, the Constantinople Special Military Tribunal was established, which prosecuted Young Turk leaders. |
| 1919–1920 | The Constantinople trials of Young Turk leaders were held, accusing them of involving the Ottoman Empire in WWI and organizing massacres and deportations of Armenian subjects. | Many Young Turk leaders were sentenced to death in absentia by the Constantinople Special Military Tribunal; these sentences were carried out by Armenian avengers in the “Nemesis” operation during 1921–1922. This confirms that the Armenian Genocide was condemned, making it incorrect to apply the term “Unfinished Nuremberg” to the Armenian Genocide. The condemnation occurred, but reparations, including the implementation of the Arbitral Award, were not fulfilled. |
| 1915–2021 | By 2021, 40 states, including the U.S. and Russia, and several leading countries in Europe, Latin America, and the Middle East, have recognized and condemned the Armenian Genocide committed in 1894–1923 in Western Armenia, Cilicia, the Ottoman Empire, Eastern Armenia, Baku, and Shushi. | |
| 04 September 2019 | Declaration of the Republic of Western Armenia (Armenia) on the strategy regarding recognition, condemnation, and restitution of the Armenian Genocide. | The strategy is based on precise answers to questions regarding the genocide’s historical chronology, perpetrators, and compensation for damage inflicted upon Armenians and Armenia. |
VI. Decision on Armed Neutrality of Armenians of Western Armenia and the Republic of Western Armenia (Armenian State)
| Date | Decision | Explanation |
| 29 March 2011 | The National Council of Western Armenia adopted the “Decision on Permanent, Armed, Positive Neutrality of Armenians of Western Armenia and the Republic of Western Armenia (Armenian State).” | This decision ensures comprehensive protection for Armenians based on the Swiss model. |
| 10 January 2018 | The National Assembly of Western Armenia adopted the “Decision on Formation of Defense Forces of Armenians of Western Armenia.” | The defense forces are organized regionally—Western, Eastern, Southern, Northern; currently three of these regional units are formed, excluding the Northern unit. This is in accordance with the Hague Convention on the Rights and Duties of Neutral Powers and Persons in Land Warfare (18 October 1907) and Article 51 of the UN Charter on Individual and Collective Self-Defense (26 June 1945). |
V. Petitions Submitted by the Republic of Western Armenia (Armenian State) to the UN, the UN Security Council Permanent Members, and the European Parliament
| Date | Petition | Explanation |
| 25 May 2018 | Petition to the United Nations on “Membership of the Republic of Western Armenia (Armenian State).” | As a successor state to the de facto and de jure recognized Armenian state at the Paris Peace Conference, Western Armenia (Armenian State) has the right to apply for UN membership. The successor state decision was issued by the President of Western Armenia on 23 February 2014. |
| 29 May 2018 | Petition to the UN to implement U.S. 28th President Woodrow Wilson’s 22 November 1920 Arbitral Award on Armenian territorial rights and demilitarization of adjacent Turkish lands. | Western Armenia petitioned the UN to enforce the Arbitral Award before its 100th anniversary. |
| 29 November 2018 | Petition to the UN on demilitarization of Western Armenia and Cilicia, and removal of Turkish occupation forces, pursuant to Wilson’s Arbitral Award. | Considering Turkey’s new government’s aggressive military-political activities in the Middle East and threats against Armenia and Artsakh, Western Armenia petitioned the UN for removal of Turkish occupation forces. |
| 7 August 2019 | Petition to the UN regarding border demarcation between Armenia and Azerbaijan based on the 24 February 1920 Report and Recommendations of the Special Commission on Armenia’s Borders at the Paris Peace Conference. | The petition calls for resolution of the Armenia-Azerbaijan border issue according to legally binding 1920 principles. |
| 5 December 2020 | Petition to the European Parliament to correct errors, inaccuracies, and unacceptable formulations in the Resolution on the Political Solution of the Armenian Question adopted on 18 June 1987. | Example: Article 2, paragraph 2 of the Resolution incorrectly states that modern Turkey cannot be held responsible for the Ottoman Armenian tragedy and that recognition of those events as genocide cannot justify political, legal, or material claims against Turkey today. |
| 15 May 2022 | Appeal to the UN and the UN Security Council. Declaration of the National Assembly (Parliament) of Western Armenia “On the Sovereignty and Territorial Integrity of the Republic of Western Armenia (Armenian State) and the State Border with the Republic of Turkey” |
Declaration of the National Assembly of Western Armenia to the UN and international leaders on sovereignty, territorial integrity, and state borders with Turkey. |
| 25 September 2022 | Petition to the UN Security Council regarding compensation for material losses suffered by the Armenian people during WWI. | According to the Special Subcommission of the 1919 Paris Peace Conference, Armenian material losses amounted to 19,130,982,000 French francs (1919 prices), equivalent today to €286,964,730,000 or $312,791,555,700. Turkey has not compensated this amount to Armenians. |
| 22 February 2023 | Decision of Western Armenia (Armenian State) on recognizing the independence of the Republic of Artsakh. | |
| 17 July 2023 | Petition to UN Secretary-General António Guterres and the UN Security Council for decisive action for peaceful, fair, and final resolution of the Artsakh conflict and UN-supervised border demarcation between Armenia and Azerbaijan. |
This forms the basis of the “Defense and Protection of Rights” strategy, which, while not sufficient alone, is a necessary condition for ensuring the survival, development, and future of the Armenian people and Armenia.
Tigran Pashabezyan
Prime Minister of the Armenian State (Republic of Western Armenia)
September 21, 2022
